The DIONE model is used to assess the costs of potential vehicle CO2 emissions standards. This is carried out through three computational modules: The Cost curves module, the Cross-Optimization and Energy Consumption Module, and the Total Cost of Ownership Module. The interaction between the modules, as well as the inputs needed and the outputs produced, are sketched in the below figure: Figure 1. Flowchart of DIONE The DIONE modules are represented by blue boxes: DIONE Cost curves module: it develops cost curves, which describe the cost of reaching different levels of CO2 emission reduction and energy consumption reduction for each vehicle type and powertrain. DIONE Cross Optimization and Energy consumption module: it identifies cost-optimal strategies to reach given emission standards, building on the cost curves. For the optimal solution, it computes the energy consumed and the CO2 emitted by the new vehicle fleet. DIONE Total Cost of ownership (TCO) module: it calculates the fuel costs, the maintenance costs, and the total costs of ownership from different perspectives (e.e., first user, second user, society) for the optimal solution. Changes in total costs of ownership caused by CO2 standards are determined by comparing these results for different scenarios. Further model documentation can be found in the following reports: The JRC DIONE model version II Light Duty Vehicle CO2 Emission Reduction Cost Curves and Cost Assessment - the DIONE Model Heavy duty vehicle CO2 emission reduction cost curves and cost assessment – enhancement of the DIONE model The DIONE Cost curves module is accessible upon authorization from the Joint Research Centre. The graph below illustrates how the module (grey box) is connected to its inputs and outputs (blue boxes). For example: reduction_tech_cost is an input of DIONE, while reduction_tech_cost_pareto is one of its outputs. To run the DIONE Cost curves module, the user needs to provide the necessary inputs in a standardized input template. A sample input template can be downloaded from the Input template page.
